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The New Economic Policy (NEP) ((マレー語:Dasar Ekonomi Baru (DEB))) was a social re-engineering and affirmative action program formulated by the National Operation Council (NOC) (Majlis Gerakan Negara (MAGERAN) ) in the aftermath of 13 May 1969 racial riot in Malaysia. This policy was adopted in 1971 for a period of 20 years and it was succeeded by the National Development Policy (NDP) (Dasar Pembangunan Negara (DPN) ) in 1991. This page looks into the historical context that give rise to the formulation of this Policy, its objectives and implementation methods as well as its impact on the Malaysian economy in general. ==Policy overview== The New Economic Policy (NEP) which begins with the Second Malaysia Plan (1971-1975), and lasted until the Fifth Malaysia Plan (1986-1990), has three main objectives, namely:〔Jeong Chun Hai @Ibrahim. (2007). ''Fundamental of Development Administration.'' Selangor: Scholar Press. ISBN 978-967-5-04508-0〕 * To achieve national unity, harmony and integrity * Through socio-economic restructuring (of the society) * To minimize the level of poverty in the country (poverty eradication) The NEP was conceived as a two-pronged strategy of eradicating poverty for all Malaysians as well as reducing and subsequently eliminating identification of race by economic function and geographical location. The Policy sought to achieve its objectives through rapid expansion of the economy over time and set its target of substantially reducing incidence of absolute poverty by 1990. To achieve this, the Policy called for aggressive improvement of economic status and quality of life for all Malaysians through: * Access to land * Physical capital * Training * Public facilities Concurrently, the Policy also called for fairer distribution of opportunities to participate in the widening range of economic activities. The Policy opined that the core problem that stood in the way of national unity is compartmentalisation of racial groups by economic function, particularly association of Malay and other indigenous races with subsistence agriculture. To dissociate Malay and other indigenous races with traditional agriculture, the Policy call on the Malaysian Government to provide assistance to all Malaysians in: * Finding employment * Securing participation in economic activities * Acquiring ownership in various economic sectors As Malay and other indigenous races progress in modern economic sector, other Malaysians are encouraged to introduce modern agriculture to eliminate the identification of Malay and other indigenous races with subsistence agriculture. The overarching principle of the Policy is the creation of 'a socio-economic environment in which individual Malaysians find self-fulfilment within a system which provides for proportional participation, management and control in the economic life of the nation'. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Malaysian New Economic Policy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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